========================================================================= ________________ _______________ _______________ /_______________/\ /_______________\ /\______________\ \\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\/ ||||||||||||||||| / //////////////// \\\\\________/\ |||||________\ / /////______\ \\\\\\\\\\\\\/____ |||||||||||||| / ///////////// \\\\\___________/\ ||||| / //// \\\\\\\\\\\\\\\\/ ||||| \//// ========================================================================= EFFector Online Volume 08 No. 13 July 21, 1995 editors@eff.org A Publication of the Electronic Frontier Foundation ISSN 1062-9424 IN THIS ISSUE: ALERT: Act Now to Oppose Comm. Decency Act in House Telecom Bill The Latest News What You Can Do Now Chronology of the CDA For More Information List Of Participating Organizations List of the House of Representatives EFF Analysis of the "Anti-Electronic Racketeering Act of 1995" (S.974) Sen. Grassley's Statement to the Senate on S.974 The Anti-Electronic Racketeering Act of 1995, Senate Bill S.974 EFF and Others Thank 16 Senators for Voting Against the CDA Calendar of Events (major update) Quote of the Day What YOU Can Do Administrivia * See http://www.eff.org/Alerts/ or ftp.eff.org, /pub/Alerts/ for more information on current EFF activities and online activism alerts! * ---------------------------------------------------------------------- Subject: ALERT: Act Now to Oppose Comm. Decency Act in House Telecom Bill ------------------------------------------------------------------------- CAMPAIGN TO STOP THE EXON/COATS COMMUNICATIONS DECENCY ACT (SEE THE LIST OF CAMPAIGN COALITION MEMBERS AT THE END) Update: -Latest News: House will vote on net censorship in July -What You Can Do Now -Find out your Representative's position You have a right to know! CAMPAIGN TO STOP THE UNCONSTITUTIONAL COMMUNICATIONS DECENCY ACT July 14, 1995 PLEASE WIDELY REDISTRIBUTE THIS DOCUMENT WITH THIS BANNER INTACT REDISTRIBUTE ONLY UNTIL August 1, 1995 REPRODUCE THIS ALERT ONLY IN RELEVANT FORUMS Distributed by the Voters Telecommunications Watch (vtw@vtw.org) ________________________________________________________________________ CONTENTS The Latest News What You Can Do Now Chronology of the CDA For More Information List Of Participating Organizations List of the House of Representatives ________________________________________________________________________ THE LATEST NEWS In the House, the Comm. Decency Act is not a part of the fast-moving Telecommunications Reform Bill, *yet*. Althouth the Leahy/Klink alternative is currently part of the telecomm bill, supporters of the Exon bill have pledged to *remove* the Leahy/Klink bill and insert the Communications Decency Act in its place. We need to gear up to oppose the Communications Decency Act in the House AND TAKE A COUNT OF OUR REPRESENTATIVES POSITIONS ON THIS CRITICAL ISSUE. The Leahy/Klink study would direct the Department of Justice (DOJ) to determine whether current obscenity laws apply to the Internet and if law enforcement can use them to prosecute people trafficking in obscene material or child pornography. (Trafficking in obscene material and child pornography are not protected by the US Constitution.) Of course, the answer to these questions is yes, and the DOJ said as much in a letter to Senator Leahy on May 3, 1995 to Sen. Leahy (D-VT). Currently, Representatives Cox and Wyden have introduced a bill (HR 1978, the Internet Freedom and Family Empowerment Act) that would remove disincentives to implementing parental control of online content and *prohibit* the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) from regulating expression on the Internet. Although many are concerned that this bill is not "all there", many civil liberties organizations (ACLU, CDT, EFF, EPIC, & PFAW to name a few) are contributing their legal and net-expertise to examining the bill and making sure it does the right thing. ________________________________________________________________________ WHAT YOU CAN DO NOW 1. Familiarize yourself with the Communications Decency Act FAQ, available either by World Wide Web at (URL:http://www.panix.com/vtw/exon), gopher at gopher.panix.com, or via email by sending mail to vtw@vtw.org with "send cdafaq" in the SUBJECT line. (not the body of the message) 2. Call your Representative (there is a list attached below) and ask them these questions. The aim here is to get his or her take on net censorship. Here's the way a sample conversation might take place: First, figure out who your Rep is. (see the list of phone numbers below) (Y=You, S=Rep's Staffer) S:Rep. Snodgrass's office, may I help you? Y:Hi, I'm a constituent and I'd like to know what Mr. Snodgrass's position is on the issue of objectionable material on online networks such as the Internet. Does Mr. Snodgrass favor parental control over what kids see or governmental censorship? S:Let me transfer you to the staffer that handles that, hold S:Hi, this is Jane Jingle. May I help you? Y: You'll probably get one of three answers, either: S:I believe that parents should have control over the information their children see, not government regulators. Y:Thanks. As a user of computer networks and a constituent, I agree with Mr. Snodgrass and hope he will vote this way when the relevant bills come to the floor. or S:Mr. Snodgrass doesn't have an opinion on this issue yet. Y:Thanks. As a user of computer networks and a constituent, I support parental control instead of government censorship. I hope Mr. Snodgrass will vote this way when the relevant bills come to the floor. or, finally, S:Mr. Snodgrass believes that porn on the net should be made illegal because it's a really big problem. Y:As a user of computer networks and constituent, I support parental control instead of government censorship. I hope Mr. Snodgrass is aware that trafficking in obscene material is already illegal for online systems. I also hope that Mr. Snodgrass is aware that there are a number of technologies already on the market that allow parents to control content on computer networks. I strongly believe that Mr. Snodgrass and Congress shold trust parents to make these choices. Take the response you get and mail it to vtw@vtw.org. We'll be totalling up the responses and using them to help coordinate the pressure before a House vote. Whether you are happy or unhappy with your legislator's response, we strongly encourage you to also post it and discuss it in your local geographical newsgroups. Educate your fellow voters! 3. Encourage your bulletin board system or Internet service provider to reproduce the following short alert either in their Message Of The Day or in a quick bulletin to the other users. 7/12/95: The Communications Decency Act (CDA) is in the House and discussion is heating up. Volunteers are needed to call their Representatives and get their rep's positions on net censorship. To get more info, send mail to vtw@vtw.org with "send alert" in the subject line, gopher -p 1/vtw/exon/alert gopher.panix.com, or URL:gopher://gopher.panix.com:70/00/vtw/exon/alert 4. Congratulate yourself! You've not only told your rep what you think, but you've also helped the Coalition learn more about where your rep stands on this issue! ________________________________________________________________________ CHRONOLOGY OF THE COMMUNICATIONS DECENCY ACT No more actions have been scheduled as of July 12, 1995. Jun 30, '95 Cox and Wyden introduce the "Internet Freedom and Family Empowerment Act" (HR 1978) as an alternative to the CDA. Jun 21, '95 Several prominent House members publicly announce their opposition to the CDA, including Rep. Newt Gingrich (R-GA), Rep. Chris Cox (R-CA), and Rep. Ron Wyden (D-OR). Jun 14, '95 The Senate passes the CDA as attached to the Telecomm reform bill (S 652) by a vote of 84-16. The Leahy bill (S 714) is not passed. May 24, '95 The House Telecomm Reform bill (HR 1555) leaves committee in the House with the Leahy alternative attached to it, thanks to Rep. Ron Klink of (D-PA). The Communications Decency Act is not attached to it. Apr 7, '95 Sen. Leahy (D-VT) introduces S.714, an alternative to the Exon/Gorton bill, which commissions the Dept. of Justice to study the problem to see if additional legislation (such as the CDA) is necessary. Mar 23, '95 S314 amended and attached to the telecommunications reform bill by Sen. Gorton (R-WA). Language provides some provider protection, but continues to infringe upon email privacy and free speech. Feb 21, '95 HR1004 referred to the House Commerce and Judiciary committees Feb 21, '95 HR1004 introduced by Rep. Johnson (D-SD) Feb 1, '95 S314 referred to the Senate Commerce committee Feb 1, '95 S314 introduced by Sen. Exon (D-NE) and Gorton (R-WA). ________________________________________________________________________ FOR MORE INFORMATION Web Sites URL:http://www.panix.com/vtw/exon/ URL:http://epic.org/ URL:http://www.eff.org/pub/Alerts/ URL:http://www.cdt.org/cda.html URL:http://outpost.callnet.com/outpost.html FTP Archives URL:ftp://ftp.cdt.org/pub/cdt/policy/freespeech/00-INDEX.FREESPEECH URL:ftp://ftp.eff.org/pub/Alerts/ Gopher Archives: URL:gopher://gopher.panix.com/11/vtw/exon URL:gopher://gopher.eff.org/11/Alerts Email: vtw@vtw.org (put "send alert" in the subject line for the latest alert, or "send cdafaq" for the CDA FAQ) cda-info@cdt.org (General CDA information) cda-stat@cdt.org (Current status of the CDA) ________________________________________________________________________ LIST OF PARTICIPATING ORGANIZATIONS In order to use the net more effectively, several organizations have joined forces on a single Congressional net campaign to stop the Communications Decency Act. American Civil Liberties Union * American Communication Association * American Council for the Arts * Arts & Technology Society * Association of Alternative Newsweeklies * biancaTroll productions * Californians Against Censorship Together * Center For Democracy And Technology * Centre for Democratic Communications * Center for Public Representation * Citizen's Voice - New Zealand * Cloud 9 Internet *Computer Communicators Association * Computel Network Services * Computer Professionals for Social Responsibility * Cross Connection * Cyber-Rights Campaign * CyberQueer Lounge * Dutch Digital Citizens' Movement * ECHO Communications Group, Inc. * Electronic Frontier Canada * Electronic Frontier Foundation * Electronic Frontier Foundation - Austin * Electronic Frontiers Australia * Electronic Frontiers Houston * Electronic Frontiers New Hampshire * Electronic Privacy Information Center * Feminists For Free Expression * First Amendment Teach-In * Florida Coalition Against Censorship * FranceCom, Inc. Web Advertising Services * Friendly Anti-Censorship Taskforce for Students * Hands Off! The Net * Human Rights Watch * Inland Book Company * Inner Circle Technologies, Inc. * Inst. for Global Communications * Internet On-Ramp, Inc. * Joint Artists' and Music Promotions Political Action Committee * The Libertarian Party * Marijuana Policy Project * Metropolitan Data Networks Ltd. * MindVox * National Bicycle Greenway * National Campaign for Freedom of Expression * National Coalition Against Censorship * National Gay and Lesbian Task Force * National Public Telecomputing Network * National Writers Union * Oregon Coast RISC * Panix Public Access Internet * People for the American Way * Republican Liberty Caucus * Rock Out Censorship * Society for Electronic Access * The Thing International BBS Network * The WELL * Voters Telecommunications Watch (Note: All 'Electronic Frontier' organizations are independent entities, not EFF chapters or divisions.) ________________________________________________________________________ LIST OF HOUSE OF REPRESENTATIVES # D ST Name (Party) Phone Fax 0 AK Young, Don (R) 1-202-225-5765 1-202-225-5765 1 AL Callahan, H. L. (R) 1-202-225-4931 1-202-225-0562 2 AL Everett, Terry (R) 1-202-225-2901 na 3 AL Browder, Glen (D) 1-202-225-3261 1-202-225-9020 4 AL Bevill, Thomas (D) 1-202-225-4876 1-202-225-0842 5 AL Cramer Jr, Robert E. (D) 1-202-225-4801 1-202-225-4392 6 AL Bachus, Spencer (R) 1-202-225-4921 1-202-225-2082 7 AL Hilliard, Earl F. (D) 1-202-225-2665 1-202-226-0772 AQ Faleomavaega, Eni F.H. (D) 1-202-225-8577 1-202-225-8757 1 AR Lambert-Lincoln, Blanche (D) 1-202-225-4076 1-202-225-4654 2 AR Thornton, Raymond (D) 1-202-225-2506 1-202-225-9273 3 AR Hutchinson, Tim (R) 1-202-225-4301 1-202-226-1163 4 AR Dickey, Jay (R) 1-202-225-3772 1-202-225-8646 1 AZ Salmon, Matthew (R) 1-202-225-2635 1-202-225-3405 2 AZ Pastor, Ed (D) 1-202-225-4065 3 AZ Stump, Robert (R) 1-202-225-4576 1-202-225-6328 4 AZ Shadegg, John (R) 1-202-225-3361 1-202-225-3462 5 AZ Kolbe, James T. (R) 1-202-225-2542 1-202-225-0378 6 AZ Hayworth, John (R) 1-202-225-2190 1-202-225-8819 1 CA Riggs, Frank (R) 1-202-225-3311 1-202-225-7710 2 CA Herger, Walter W. (R) 1-202-225-3076 1-202-225-1609 3 CA Fazio, Vic (D) 1-202-225-5716 1-202-225-0354 4 CA Doolittle, John T. (R) 1-202-225-2511 1-202-225-5444 5 CA Matsui, Robert T. (D) 1-202-225-7163 1-202-225-0566 6 CA Woolsey, Lynn (D) 1-202-225-5161 1-202-225-5163 7 CA Miller, George (D) 1-202-225-2095 1-202-225-5609 8 CA Pelosi, Nancy (D) 1-202-225-4965 1-202-225-8259 9 CA Dellums, Ronald V. (D) 1-202-225-2661 1-202-225-9817 10 CA Baker, Bill (R) 1-202-225-1880 1-202-225-2150 11 CA Pombo, Richard (R) 1-202-225-1947 1-202-226-0861 12 CA Lantos, Thomas (D) 1-202-225-3531 1-202-225-3127 13 CA Stark, Pete (D) 1-202-225-5065 na 14 CA Eshoo, Anna G. (D) 1-202-225-8104 1-202-225-8890 15 CA Mineta, Norman Y. (D) 1-202-225-2631 na 16 CA Lofgren, Zoe (D) 1-202-225-3072 1-202-225-9460 17 CA Farr, Sam (D) 1-202-225-2861 18 CA Condit, Gary (D) 1-202-225-6131 1-202-225-0819 19 CA Radanovich, George (R) 1-202-225-4540 1-202-225-0399 20 CA Dooley, Calvin M. (D) 1-202-225-3341 1-202-225-9308 21 CA Thomas, Bill (R) 1-202-225-2915 1-202-225-8798 22 CA Seastrand, Andrea (R) 1-202-225-3601 1-202-226-1015 23 CA Gallegly, Elton (R) 1-202-225-5811 1-202-225-1100 24 CA Beilenson, Anthony (D) 1-202-225-5911 na 25 CA McKeon, Howard P. (R) 1-202-225-1956 1-202-226-0683 26 CA Berman, Howard L. (D) 1-202-225-4695 1-202-225-5279 27 CA Moorhead, Carlos J. (R) 1-202-225-4176 1-202-226-1279 28 CA Dreier, David (R) 1-202-225-2305 1-202-225-4745 29 CA Waxman, Henry A. (D) 1-202-225-3976 1-202-225-4099 30 CA Becerra, Xavier (D) 1-202-225-6235 1-202-225-2202 31 CA Martinez, Matthew G. (D) 1-202-225-5464 1-202-225-4467 32 CA Dixon, Julian C. (D) 1-202-225-7084 1-202-225-4091 33 CA Roybal-Allard, Lucille (D) 1-202-225-1766 1-202-226-0350 34 CA Torres, Esteban E. (D) 1-202-225-5256 1-202-225-9711 35 CA Waters, Maxine (D) 1-202-225-2201 1-202-225-7854 36 CA Harman, Jane (D) 1-202-225-8220 1-202-226-0684 37 CA Tucker III, Walter R. (D) 1-202-225-7924 1-202-225-7926 38 CA Horn, Steve (R) 1-202-225-6676 1-202-226-1012 39 CA Royce, Ed (R) 1-202-225-4111 1-202-226-0335 40 CA Lewis, Jerry (R) 1-202-225-5861 1-202-225-6498 41 CA Kim, Jay C. (R) 1-202-225-3201 1-202-226-1485 42 CA Brown Jr., George E. (D) 1-202-225-6161 1-202-225-8671 43 CA Calvert, Ken (R) 1-202-225-1986 na 44 CA Bono, Sonny (R) 1-202-225-5330 1-202-226-1040 45 CA Rohrabacher, Dana (R) 1-202-225-2415 1-202-225-7067 46 CA Dornan, Robert K. (R) 1-202-225-2965 1-202-225-3694 47 CA Cox, Christopher (R) 1-202-225-5611 1-202-225-9177 48 CA Packard, Ronald (R) 1-202-225-3906 1-202-225-0134 49 CA Bilbray, Brian (R) 1-202-225-2040 1-202-225-2042 50 CA Filner, Bob (D) 1-202-225-8045 1-202-225-9073 51 CA Cunningham, Randy (R) 1-202-225-5452 1-202-225-2558 52 CA Hunter, Duncan L. (R) 1-202-225-5672 1-202-225-0235 1 CO Schroeder, Patricia (D) 1-202-225-4431 1-202-225-5842 2 CO Skaggs, David E. (D) 1-202-225-2161 1-202-225-9127 3 CO McInnis, Scott (R) 1-202-225-4761 1-202-226-0622 4 CO Allard, Wayne (R) 1-202-225-4676 1-202-225-8630 5 CO Hefley, Joel (R) 1-202-225-4422 1-202-225-1942 6 CO Schaefer, Daniel (R) 1-202-225-7882 1-202-225-7885 1 CT Kennelly, Barbara B. (D) 1-202-225-2265 1-202-225-1031 2 CT Gejdenson, Samuel (D) 1-202-225-2076 1-202-225-4977 3 CT DeLauro, Rosa (D) 1-202-225-3661 1-202-225-4890 4 CT Shays, Christopher (R) 1-202-225-5541 1-202-225-9629 5 CT Franks, Gary (R) 1-202-225-3822 1-202-225-5085 6 CT Johnson, Nancy L. (R) 1-202-225-4476 1-202-225-4488 DC Norton, Eleanor Holmes (D) 1-202-225-8050 1-202-225-3002 DE Castle, Michael N. (R) 1-202-225-4165 1-202-225-2291 1 FL Scarborough, Joe (R) 1-202-225-4136 1-202-225-5785 2 FL Peterson, Peter (D) 1-202-225-5235 1-202-225-1586 3 FL Brown, Corrine (D) 1-202-225-0123 1-202-225-2256 4 FL Fowler, Tillie (R) 1-202-225-2501 1-202-225-9318 5 FL Thurman, Karen (D) 1-202-225-1002 1-202-226-0329 6 FL Stearns, Clifford B. (R) 1-202-225-5744 1-202-225-3973 7 FL Mica, John L. (R) 1-202-225-4035 1-202-226-0821 8 FL McCollum, William (R) 1-202-225-2176 1-202-225-0999 9 FL Bilirakis, Michael (R) 1-202-225-5755 1-202-225-4085 10 FL Young, C. W. (R) 1-202-225-5961 1-202-225-9764 11 FL Gibbons, Samuel M. (D) 1-202-225-3376 na 12 FL Canady, Charles T. (R) 1-202-225-1252 1-202-225-2279 13 FL Miller, Dan (R) 1-202-225-5015 1-202-226-0828 14 FL Goss, Porter J. (R) 1-202-225-2536 1-202-225-6820 15 FL Weldon, Dave (R) 1-202-225-3671 1-202-225-9039] 16 FL Foley, Mark (R) 1-202-225-5792 na 17 FL Meek, Carrie (D) 1-202-225-4506 1-202-226-0777 18 FL Ros-Lehtinen, Ileana (R) 1-202-225-3931 1-202-225-5620 19 FL Johnston II, Harry (D) 1-202-225-3001 1-202-225-8791 20 FL Deutsch, Peter (D) 1-202-225-7931 1-202-225-8456 21 FL Diaz-Balart, Lincoln (R) 1-202-225-4211 1-202-225-8576 22 FL Shaw Jr., E. C. (R) 1-202-225-3026 1-202-225-8398 23 FL Hastings, Alcee L. (D) 1-202-225-1313 1-202-225-0690 1 GA Kingston, Jack (R) 1-202-225-5831 1-202-226-2269 2 GA Bishop, Sanford (D) 1-202-225-3631 1-202-225-2203 3 GA Collins, Mac (R) 1-202-225-5901 1-202-225-2515 4 GA Linder, John (R) 1-202-225-4272 1-202-225-4696 5 GA Lewis, John (D) 1-202-225-3801 1-202-225-0351 6 GA Gingrich, Newt (R) 1-202-225-4501 1-202-225-4656 7 GA Barr, Bob (R) 1-202-225-2931 8 GA Chambliss, Saxby 1-202-225-6531 1-202-225-7719 9 GA Deal, Nathan (D) 1-202-225-5211 1-202-225-8272 10 GA Norwood, Charles (R) 1-202-225-4101 1-202-226-1466 11 GA McKinney, Cynthia (D) 1-202-225-1605 1-202-226-0691 GU Underwood, Robert A. (D) 1-202-225-1188 1-202-226-0341 1 HI Abercrombie, Neil (D) 1-202-225-2726 1-202-225-4580 2 HI Mink, Patsy T. (D) 1-202-225-4906 1-202-225-4987 1 IA Leach, James (R) 1-202-225-6576 1-202-226-1278 2 IA Nussle, James Allen (R) 1-202-225-2911 1-202-225-9129 3 IA Lightfoot, James R. (R) 1-202-225-3806 1-202-225-6973 4 IA Ganske, Greg (R) 1-202-225-4426 5 IA Latham, Tom (R) 1-202-225-5476 1-202-225-6929 1 ID Chenoweth, Helen 1-202-225-6611 1-202-226-1213 2 ID Crapo, Michael D. (R) 1-202-225-5531 1-202-225-8216 1 IL Rush, Bobby L. (D) 1-202-225-4372 1-202-226-0333 2 IL Reynolds, Mel (D) 1-202-225-0773 1-202-225-0774 3 IL Lipinski, William O. (D) 1-202-225-5701 1-202-225-1012 4 IL Gutierrez, Luis V. (D) 1-202-225-8203 1-202-225-7810 5 IL Flanagan, Michael (R) 1-202-225-4061 6 IL Hyde, Henry J. (R) 1-202-225-4561 1-202-226-1240 7 IL Collins, Cardiss (D) 1-202-225-5006 1-202-225-8396 8 IL Crane, Philip M. (R) 1-202-225-3711 1-202-225-7830 9 IL Yates, Sidney R. (D) 1-202-225-2111 1-202-225-3493 10 IL Porter, John E. (R) 1-202-225-4835 1-202-225-0157 11 IL Weller, Gerald (R) 1-202-225-3635 1-202-225-4447 12 IL Costello, Jerry F. (D) 1-202-225-5661 1-202-225-0285 13 IL Fawell, Harris W. (R) 1-202-225-3515 1-202-225-9420 14 IL Hastert, J. D. (R) 1-202-225-2976 1-202-225-0697 15 IL Ewing, Thomas (R) 1-202-225-2371 1-202-225-8071 16 IL Manzullo, Donald (R) 1-202-225-5676 1-202-225-5284 17 IL Evans, Lane (D) 1-202-225-5905 1-202-225-5396 18 IL LaHood, Ray (R) 1-202-225-6201 1-202-225-9461 19 IL Poshard, Glenn (D) 1-202-225-5201 1-202-225-1541 20 IL Durbin, Richard J. (D) 1-202-225-5271 1-202-225-0170 1 IN Visclosky, Peter J. (D) 1-202-225-2461 1-202-225-2493 2 IN McIntosh, David (R) 1-202-225-3021 1-202-225-8140 3 IN Roemer, Timothy (D) 1-202-225-3915 1-202-225-6798 4 IN Souder, Mark (R) 1-202-225-4436 1-202-225-8810 5 IN Buyer, Steve (D) 1-202-225-5037 na 6 IN Burton, Daniel (R) 1-202-225-2276 1-202-225-0016 7 IN Myers, John T. (R) 1-202-225-5805 1-202-225-1649 8 IN Hostettler, John (R) 1-202-225-4636 1-202-225-4688 9 IN Hamilton, Lee H. (D) 1-202-225-5315 1-202-225-1101 10 IN Jacobs Jr., Andrew (D) 1-202-225-4011 1-202-226-4093 1 KS Roberts, Pat (R) 1-202-225-2715 1-202-225-5375 2 KS Brownback, Sam (R) 1-202-225-6601 1-202-225-1445 3 KS Meyers, Jan (R) 1-202-225-2865 1-202-225-0554 4 KS Tiahrt, Todd (R) 1-202-225-6216 1-202-225-5398 1 KY Whitfield, Edward (R) 1-202-225-3115 1-202-225-2169 2 KY Lewis, Ron (R) 1-202-225-3501 na 3 KY Ward, Michael (D) 1-202-225-5401 4 KY Bunning, James (R) 1-202-225-3465 1-202-225-0003 5 KY Rogers, Harold (R) 1-202-225-4601 1-202-225-0940 6 KY Baesler, Scotty (D) 1-202-225-4706 1-202-225-2122 1 LA Livingston, Robert (R) 1-202-225-3015 1-202-225-0739 2 LA Jefferson, William (D) 1-202-225-6636 1-202-225-1988 3 LA Tauzin, W. J. (D) 1-202-225-4031 1-202-225-0563 4 LA Fields, Cleo (D) 1-202-225-8490 1-202-225-8959 5 LA McCrery, James (R) 1-202-225-2777 1-202-225-8039 6 LA Baker, Richard H.(R) 1-202-225-3901 1-202-225-7313 7 LA Hayes, James A. (D) 1-202-225-2031 1-202-225-1175 1 MA Olver, John W. (D) 1-202-225-5335 1-202-226-1224 2 MA Neal, Richard E. (D) 1-202-225-5601 1-202-225-8112 3 MA Blute, Peter I. (R) 1-202-225-6101 1-202-225-2217 4 MA Frank, Barney (D) 1-202-225-5931 1-202-225-0182 5 MA Meehan, Martin T. (D) 1-202-225-3411 1-202-226-0771 6 MA Torkildsen, Peter G. (R) 1-202-225-8020 1-202-225-8037 7 MA Markey, Edward J. (D) 1-202-225-2836 1-202-225-8689 8 MA Kennedy II, Joseph P. (D) 1-202-225-5111 1-202-225-9322 9 MA Moakley, John Joseph (D) 1-202-225-8273 1-202-225-7304 10 MA Studds, Gerry E. (D) 1-202-225-3111 1-202-225-2212 1 MD Gilchrest, Wayne T. (R) 1-202-225-5311 1-202-225-0254 2 MD Ehrlich, Jr., Robert (R) 1-202-225-3061 1-202-225-4251 3 MD Cardin, Benjamin L. (D) 1-202-225-4016 1-202-225-9219 4 MD Wynn, Albert R. (D) 1-202-225-8699 1-202-225-8714 5 MD Hoyer, Steny H. (D) 1-202-225-4131 1-202-225-4300 6 MD Bartlett, Roscoe G. (R) 1-202-225-2721 1-202-225-2193 7 MD Mfume, Kweisi (D) 1-202-225-4741 1-202-225-3178 8 MD Morella, Constance (R) 1-202-225-5341 1-202-225-1389 1 ME Longley, James (R) 1-202-225-6116 1-202-225-9065 2 ME Baldacci, John (D) 1-202-225-6306 1-202-225-8297 1 MI Stupak, Bart (D) 1-202-225-4735 1-202-225-4744 2 MI Hoekstra, Peter (R) 1-202-225-4401 1-202-226-0779 3 MI Ehlers, Vern (R) 1-202-225-3831 1-202-225-5144 4 MI Camp, David Lee (R) 1-202-225-3561 1-202-225-9679 5 MI Barcia, James A. (D) 1-202-225-8171 1-202-225-2168 6 MI Upton, Frederick S.(R) 1-202-225-3761 1-202-225-4986 7 MI Smith, Nick (R) 1-202-225-6276 1-202-225-6281 8 MI Chrysler, Dick (R) 1-202-225-4872 1-202-225-1260 9 MI Kildee, Dale E. (D) 1-202-225-3611 1-202-225-6393 10 MI Bonior, David E. (D) 1-202-225-2106 1-202-226-1169 11 MI Knollenberg, Joe (R) 1-202-225-5802 1-202-226-2356 12 MI Levin, Sander M. 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(D) 1-202-225-2711 1-202-225-7856 3 WV Rahall II, Nick Joe (D) 1-202-225-3452 1-202-225-9061 WY Cubin, Barbara (R) 1-202-225-2311 1-202-225-0726 ________________________________________________________________________ End Alert ------------------------------ Subject: EFF Analysis of the "Anti-Electronic Racketeering Act" (S.974) ----------------------------------------------------------------------- ***** FEEL FREE TO DISTRIBUTE WIDELY ***** On June 27, Senator Charles Grassley (R-IA) introduced the Anti-Electronic Racketeering Act, S.974. The bill was designed "to prohibit certain acts involving the use of computers in the furtherance of crimes, and for other purposes." Its immediate effect, among other things, would be to criminalize the posting of any encryption software on any computer network, that foreign nationals can access (in other words, any computer network period). Because of poor wording, the bill would probably also criminalize data compression and other non-cryptographic encoding schemes available on networks. This includes the compression used in most of the images on Internet users' WWW homepages, not to mention uuencoding, binhex, MIME and other encoding methods for transferring binary files via email, and even language encoding used to represent non-English characters, such as the SJIS scheme for representing Japanese Kanji characters. In addition, the bill seems to be directed at undermining two big fights we've successfully waged in the past: the Steve Jackson Games decision against the United States Secret Service and the government's Clipper Chip proposal. Re: Steve Jackson Games -- this bill would permit the government to avoid the notice requirements of the Privacy Protection Act if "there is reason to believe that the immediate seizure of such materials is necessary to prevent the destruction or altercation [very Freudian sic!] of such documents." Furthermore, the government could use electronic evidence seized that had not been particularly described in a warrant if: "the seizure is incidental to an otherwise valid seizure, and the government officer or employee- ''(A) was not aware that work product material was among the data seized; ''(B) upon actual discovery of the existence of work product materials, the government officer or employee took reasonable steps to protect the privacy interests recognized by this section, including- ''(i) using utility software to seek and identify electronically stored data that may be commingled or combined with non-work product material; and ''(ii) upon actual identification of such material, taking reasonable steps to protect the privacy of the material, including seeking a search warrant." Re: Clipper Chip -- The bill would make it a crime "to distribute computer software that encodes or encrypts electronic or digital communications to computer networks that the person distributing the software knows or reasonably should know, is accessible to foreign nationals and foreign governments, regardless of whether such software has been designated as nonexportable." However, there is an exception: "It shall be an affirmative defense to prosecution under this section that the software at issue used a universal decoding device or program that was provided to the Department of Justice prior to the distribution." This is essentially an attempt to sneak the key "escrow" provisions of the Clipper scheme in through a legislative back door. Fortunately, the bill does not have a very promising future. The bill has no co-sponsors. It was immediately referred to the Committee on the Judiciary, where it currently sits. LEXIS's bill tracking report only gives it a 10% chance of passing out of the committee. We thought Senator Grassley's own statement when he introduced the bill is worth reading, so we attach it here. Our favorite line is "Elliott Ness needs to meet the Internet." This is especially ironic in light of recent comparisons of hysteria about "dangerous" material on the internet, and the Prohibition. The bill itself follows Grassley's statement. ------------------------------ Subject: Sen. Grassley's Statement to the Senate on S.974 --------------------------------------------------------- Mr. President, I rise this evening to introduce the Anti-electronic Racketeering Act of 1995. This bill makes important changes to RICO and criminalizes deliberately using computer technology to engage in criminal activity. I believe this bill is a reasonable, measured and strong response to a growing problem. According to the computer emergency and response team at Carnegie-Mellon University, during 1994, about 40,000 computer users were attacked. Virus hacker, the FBI's national computer crime squad has investigated over 200 cases since 1991. So, computer crime is clearly on the rise. Mr. President, I suppose that some of this is just natural. Whenever man develops a new technology, that technology will be abused by some. And that is why I have introduced this bill. I believe we need to seriously reconsider the Federal Criminal Code with an eye toward modernizing existing statutes and creating new ones. In other words, Mr. President, Elliot Ness needs to meet the Internet. Mr. President, I sit on the Board of the Office of Technology Assessment. That Office has clearly indicated that organized crime has entered cyberspace in a big way. International drug cartels use computers to launder drug money and terrorists like the Oklahoma City bombers use computers to conspire to commit crimes. Computer fraud accounts for the loss of millions of dollars per year. And often times, there is little that can be done about this because the computer used to commit the crimes is located overseas. So, under my bill, overseas computer users who employ their computers to commit fraud in the United States would be fully subject to the Federal criminal laws. Also under my bill, Mr. President, the wire fraud statute which has been successfully used by prosecutors for many users, will be amended to make fraudulent schemes which use computers a crime. It is not enough to simply modernize the Criminal Code. We also have to reconsider many of the difficult procedural burdens that prosecutors must overcome. For instance, in the typical case, prosecutors must identify a location in order to get a wiretapping order. But in cyberspace, it is often impossible to determine the location. And so my bill corrects that so that if prosecutors cannot, with the exercise of effort, give the court a location, then those prosecutors can still get a wiretapping order. And for law enforcers-both State and Federal-who have seized a computer which contains both contraband or evidence and purely private material, I have created a good-faith standard so that law enforcers are not shackled by undue restrictions but will also be punished for bad faith. Mr. President, this brave new world of electronic communications and global computer networks holds much promise. But like almost anything, there is the potential for abuse and harm. That is why I urge my colleagues to support this bill and that is why I urge industry to support this bill. On a final note, I would say that we should not be too scared of technology. After all, we are still just people and right is still right and wrong is still wrong. Some things change and some things do not. All that my bill does is say you can't use computers to steal, to threaten others or conceal criminal conduct. Mr. President, I ask unanimous consent that the text of the bill be printed in the Record. There being no objection, the bill was ordered to be printed in the Record, as follows: ------------------------------ Subject: The Anti-Electronic Racketeering Act of 1995, Senate Bill S.974 ------------------------------------------------------------------------ S. 974 SECTION 1. SHORT TITLE. This Act may be cited as the ''Anti-Electronic Racketeering Act of 1995''. SEC. 2. PROHIBITED ACTIVITIES. (a) Definitions .-Section 1961(1) of title 18, United States Code, is amended- (1) by striking ''1343 (relating to wire fraud)'' and inserting ''1343 (relating to wire and computer fraud)''; (2) by striking ''that title'' and inserting ''this title''; (3) by striking ''or (E)'' and inserting ''(E)''; and (4) by inserting before the semicolon the following: ''or (F) any act that is indictable under section 1030, 1030A, or 1962(d)(2)''. (b) Use of Computer To Facilitate Racketeering Enterprise .-Section 1962 of title 18, United States Code, is amended- (1) by redesignating subsection (d) as subsection (e); and (2) by inserting after subsection (c) the following new subsection: ''(d) It shall be unlawful for any person- ''(1) to use any computer or computer network in furtherance of a racketeering activity (as defined in section 1961(1)); or ''(2) to damage or threaten to damage electronically or digitally stored data.''. (c) Criminal Penalties .-Section 1963(b) of title 18, United States Code, is amended- (1) by striking ''and'' at the end of paragraph (1); (2) by striking the period at the end of paragraph (2) and inserting ''; and''; and (3) by adding at the end the following new paragraph: ''(3) electronically or digitally stored data.''. (d) Civil Remedies .-Section 1964(c) of title 18, United States Code, is amended by striking ''his property or business''. [*S9181] (e) Use as Evidence of Intercepted Wire or Oral Communications .-Section 2515 of title 18, United States Code, is amended by inserting before the period at the end the following: '', unless the authority in possession of the intercepted communication attempted in good faith to comply with this chapter. If the United States or any State of the United States, or subdivision thereof, possesses a communication intercepted by a nongovernmental actor, without the knowledge of the United States, that State, or that subdivision, the communication may be introduced into evidence''. (f) Authorization for Interception of Wire, Oral, or Electronic Communications .-Section 2516(1) of title 18, United States Code, is amended- (1) by striking ''and'' at the end of paragraph (n); (2) by striking the period at the end of paragraph () and inserting ''; and''; and (3) by adding at the end the following new paragraph: ''(p) any violation of section 1962 of title 18.''. (g) Procedures for Interception .-Section 2518(4)(b) of title 18, United States Code, is amended by inserting before the semicolon the following: ''to the extent feasible''. (h) Computer Crimes .- (1) New prohibited activities .-Chapter 47 of title 18, United States Code, is amended by adding at the end the following new section: '' 1A1030A. Racketeering-related crimes involving computers ''(a) It shall be unlawful- ''(1) to use a computer or computer network to transfer unlicensed computer software, regardless of whether the transfer is performed for economic consideration; ''(2) to distribute computer software that encodes or encrypts electronic or digital communications to computer networks that the person distributing the software knows or reasonably should know, is accessible to foreign nationals and foreign governments, regardless of whether such software has been designated as nonexportable; and ''(3) to use a computer or computer network to transmit a communication intended to conceal or hide the origin of money or other assets, tangible or intangible, that were derived from racketeering activity; and ''(4) to operate a computer or computer network primarily to facilitate racketeering activity or primarily to engage in conduct prohibited by Federal or State law. ''(b) For purposes of this section, each act of distributing software is considered a separate predicate act. Each instance in which nonexportable software is accessed by a foreign government, an agent of a foreign government, a foreign national, or an agent of a foreign national, shall be considered as a separate predicate act. ''(c) It shall be an affirmative defense to prosecution under this section that the software at issue used a universal decoding device or program that was provided to the Department of Justice prior to the distribution.''. (2) Clerical amendment .-The analysis at the beginning of chapter 47, United States Code, is amended by adding at the end the following new item: ''1030A. Racketeering-related crimes involving computers.''. (3) Jurisdiction and venue .-Section 1030 of title 18, United States Code, is amended by adding at the end the following new subsection: ''(g)(1)(A) Any act prohibited by this section that is committed using any computer, computer facility, or computer network that is physically located within the territorial jurisdiction of the United States shall be deemed to have been committed within the territorial jurisdiction of the United States. ''(B) Any action taken in furtherance of an act described in subparagraph (A) shall be deemed to have been committed in the territorial jurisdiction of the United States. ''(2) In any prosecution under this section involving acts deemed to be committed within the territorial jurisdiction of the United States under this subsection, venue shall be proper where the computer, computer facility, or computer network was physically situated at the time at least one of the wrongful acts was committed.''. (i) Wire and Computer Fraud .-Section 1343 of title 18, United States Code, is amended by striking ''or television communication'' and inserting ''television communication, or computer network or facility''. (j) Privacy Protection Act .-Section 101 of the Privacy Protection Act of 1980 (42 U.S.C. 2000aa) is amended- (1) in subsection (a)- (A) by striking ''or'' at the end of paragraph (1); (B) by striking the period at the end of paragraph (2) and inserting ''; or''; and (C) by adding at the end the following new paragraph: ''(3) there is reason to believe that the immediate seizure of such materials is necessary to prevent the destruction or altercation of such documents.''; and (2) in subsection (b)- (A) by striking ''or'' at the end of paragraph (3); (B) by striking the period at the end of paragraph (4) and inserting ''; or''; and (C) by adding at the end the following new paragraph: ''(5) in the case of electronically stored data, the seizure is incidental to an otherwise valid seizure, and the government officer or employee- ''(A) was not aware that work product material was among the data seized; ''(B) upon actual discovery of the existence of work product materials, the government officer or employee took reasonable steps to protect the privacy interests recognized by this section, including- ''(i) using utility software to seek and identify electronically stored data that may be commingled or combined with non-work product material; and ''(ii) upon actual identification of such material, taking reasonable steps to protect the privacy of the material, including seeking a search warrant.''. [end] ------------------------------ Subject: EFF and Others Thank 16 Senators for Voting Against the CDA -------------------------------------------------------------------- [Letter sent to the 16 Senators who voted against the Communications Decency Act.] Dear Senator: The undersigned organizations and individuals thank you for voting against the Exon/Gorton amendment that would censor electronic networks. Only 16 of you upheld both the Constitution and the will of the people (as clearly expressed through letters, phone calls, and petitions) in opposing the amendment. We will do whatever we can to make the public remember your principles and your courage. You understand that the censorship issue goes beyond the question of whether a child sees a picture that is in bad taste. You know that censorship ends up suppressing what is good, valuable, and sometimes critical to public policy-making. Let us hope that the House of Representatives is more open to this view. We believe that electronic networks should allow all constitutionally- protected forms of expression, that the commercial organization of the media should encourage a wide range of content providers, and that the privacy of online users should be diligently safeguarded. Standards of propriety (which differ from community to community, and from individual to individual) should remain an individual decision on a medium like the Internet, which is truly the first expression of the emerging Global Information Infrastructure. When governments try to dictate content, we risk choking the life out of these vital communication, educational, and knowledge tools. Finally, we applaud the Internet as a forum where people can defend free speech in other media, and can organize to protect the civil rights of everyone. Attacks on the Internet could well be preludes to attacks on these broader values. Sincerely, * Organizations Electronic Frontier Foundation Electronic Frontier Canada Computer Professionals for Social Responsibility Voters Telecommunications Watch Center for Information, Technology, & Society Libertarian Party National Writers Union - UAW Local 1981 Marijuana Policy Project Florida Coalition Against Censorship * Individuals (organizations listed for identification purposes only) Robert Abrazado Michael Brownstein, IXA Inc. Gordon Cook, Editor & Publisher, The COOK Report on Internet -> NREN Brennon Martin, Network 99/IXA/Semaphore Internet Services Arun Mehta, Forum for Rights to Electronic Expression (India) Nathan Newman, co-chair, UC-Berkeley Center for Community Economic Research Bob Pauls, Exec. Director, Shawnee Free-Net, Inc. Bob Powell Joe Shea, Editor-in-Chief, The American Reporter Paul J. Ste. Marie Jim Warren, GovAccess moderator and columnist for Government Technology, BoardWatch, MicroTimes and other periodicals * Senators who received the letter P ST Name = == ================== D CT Lieberman, Joseph I. D DE Biden Jr., Joseph R. D IL Simon, Paul D IL Moseley-Braun, Carol D MA Kennedy, Edward M. D MI Levin, Carl D MN Wellstone, Paul D NM Bingaman, Jeff D NY Moynihan, Daniel P. D OH Glenn, John R RI Chafee, John H. D VA Robb, Charles S. D VT Leahy, Patrick J. R VT Jeffords, James M. D WA Murray, Patty D WI Feingold, Russell ------------------------------ Subject: What YOU Can Do ------------------------ * The Communications Decency Act The Communications Decency Act poses serious threats to freedom of expression online, and to the livelihoods of system operators. The legislation also undermines several crucial privacy protections. Business/industry persons concerned should alert their corporate govt. affairs office and/or legal counsel. Everyone should write to their own Representatives and ask them to support Rep. Klink's alternative legislation, already folded into the House telecom reform bill, and ask their legislators to oppose any efforts to remove the Klink language from the bill and replace it with the CDA or similar censorship legislation. Explain, quickly and clearly, why the CDA is dangerous, and urge efforts to prevent its introduction in any form. For more information on what you can do to help stop this and other dangerous legislation, see: ftp.eff.org, /pub/Alerts/ gopher.eff.org, 1/Alerts http://www.eff.org/pub/Alerts/ If you do not have full internet access, send your request for information to ask@eff.org. * The Anti-Electronic Racketeering Act This bill is unlikely to pass in any form, being very poorly drafted, and without support. However, the CDA is just as bad and passed with flying colors [the jolly roger?] in the Senate. It's better to be safe than sorry. If you have a few moments to spare, writing to, faxing, or calling your Congresspersons to urge opposition to this bill is a good idea. If you only have time to do limited activism, please concentrate on the CDA instead. That legislation is far more imminent that the AERA. * Find Out Who Your Congresspersons Are Writing letters to, faxing, and phoning your representatives in Congress is one very important strategy of activism, and an essential way of making sure YOUR voice is heard on vital issues. EFF has lists of the Senate and House with contact information, as well as lists of Congressional committees. (A House list is included in this issue of EFFector). These lists are available at: ftp.eff.org, /pub/Activism/Congress_cmtes/ gopher.eff.org, 1/EFF/Issues/Activism/Congress_cmtes http://www.eff.org/pub/Activism/Congress_cmtes/ The full Senate and House lists are senate.list and hr.list, respectively. Those not in the U.S. should seek out similar information about their own legislative bodies. EFF will be happy to archive any such information provided. If you are having difficulty determining who your Representatives are, try contacting your local League of Women Voters, who maintain a great deal of legislative information. * Join EFF! You *know* privacy, freedom of speech and ability to make your voice heard in government are important. You have probably participated in our online campaigns and forums. Have you become a member of EFF yet? The best way to protect your online rights is to be fully informed and to make your opinions heard. EFF members are informed and are making a difference. Join EFF today! For EFF membership info, send queries to membership@eff.org, or send any message to info@eff.org for basic EFF info, and a membership form. ------------------------------ Administrivia ============= EFFector Online is published by: The Electronic Frontier Foundation 1667 K St. NW, Suite 801 Washington DC 20006-1605 USA +1 202 861 7700 (voice) +1 202 861 1258 (fax) +1 202 861 1223 (BBS - 16.8k ZyXEL) +1 202 861 1224 (BBS - 14.4k V.32bis) Membership & donations: membership@eff.org Legal services: ssteele@eff.org Hardcopy publications: pubs@eff.org General EFF, legal, policy or online resources queries: ask@eff.org Editor: Stanton McCandlish, Online Services Mgr./Activist/Archivist (mech@eff.org) This newsletter printed on 100% recycled electrons. Reproduction of this publication in electronic media is encouraged. Signed articles do not necessarily represent the views of EFF. To reproduce signed articles individually, please contact the authors for their express permission. 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