-----BEGIN PGP SIGNED MESSAGE----- ============================================================================= CERT(sm) Advisory CA-96.19 Original issue date: August 15, 1996 Last revised: December 20, 1996 Appendix A, HP - revised information from vendor has been included. A complete revision history is at the end of this file. Topic: Vulnerability in expreserve - ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- *** This advisory supersedes CA-93:09 and CA-93:09a. *** The CERT Coordination Center has received reports of a vulnerability in expreserve. Though this is not a new vulnerability, it is one that is widely known and that many users have not yet patched. The CERT/CC team recommends that you patch your system as soon as possible, as exploitation scripts are publicly available. Appendix A contains the information we have received from vendors. Until you can install a patch, you should apply the workaround in Section III below. We will update this advisory as we receive additional information. Please check advisory files regularly for updates that relate to your site. - ----------------------------------------------------------------------------- I. Description Expreserve is a utility that preserves the state of a file being edited by vi(1) or ex(1) when an edit session terminates abnormally or when the system crashes. Expreserve has a vulnerability that allows users to overwrite any file on the system. Exploitation scripts are publicly available. II. Impact By exploiting this vulnerability, users with access to an account on the system can readily gain root privileges. III. Solution A. Apply a patch or workaround provided by your vendor. Below is a summary list of the vendors who have provided information, which we have placed in Appendix A of this advisory. If your vendor's name is not on this list, please contact the vendor directly. Berkeley Software Design, Inc. Cray Research Data General Corporation Digital Equipment Corporation Hewlett-Packard Company IBM Corporation NeXT Software, Inc. Open Software Foundation The Santa Cruz Operation, Inc. Sun Microsystems, Inc. B. Until you are able to apply a patch or workaround, we recommend that you remove the execute permissions on the existing /usr/lib/expreserve program. Do this as root: % /usr/bin/chmod a-x /usr/lib/expreserve This workaround disables expreserve functionality. The result of this workaround is that if vi(1) or ex(1) is running, and the sessions are interrupted, the files being edited will not be preserved and all edits not explicitly saved by the users will be lost. Encourage users to save their files often. ......................................................................... Appendix A: Vendor Information Below is information we have received from vendors concerning the vulnerability described in this advisory. If you do not see your vendor's name, please contact the vendor directly for information. Berkeley Software Design, Inc. ============================== BSD/OS is not vulnerable to this problem. We ship the current Keith Bostic nvi which does not use the old expreserve scheme to save files (it uses the 4.4BSD-style 1777 tmp directories to store user tmp files in /var/tmp owned by the user and therefore doesn't require a setuid scheme to recover them). Cray Research ============= We have fixed this problem at Cray Research in Unicos version 7.0. Data General Corporation ======================== The binary /usr/lib/expreserve is not a setuid program on DG/UX, any flavor. We are not, therefore, vulnerable to the exploitation described. Nevertheless, the suggested change has been made and will be included in subsequent releases of DG/UX. Digital Equipment Corporation ============================= This reported problem is not present for Digital's ULTRIX or Digital UNIX Operating Systems Software. Source: Digital Equipment Corporation Software Security Response Team Copyright (c) Digital Equipment Corporation 1996. All rights reserved. 8/13/96 - DIGITAL EQUIPMENT CORPORATION Hewlett-Packard Company ======================= PROBLEM: **REVISED 01** Vulnerability in /usr/lib/expreserve in HP-UX 9.X and 10.X PLATFORM: HP 9000 series 300/400s and 700/800s DAMAGE: The default permissions of file expreserve(1) are in error, thereby allowing users to potentially gain root privileges on the host. SOLUTION: Apply patch PHCO_6363 (series 700/800, HP-UX 9.x), or PHCO_7833 (series 300/400, HP-UX 9.x), or PHCO_8652 (series 700/800, HP-UX 10.0X), or PHCO_8653 (series 700/800, HP-UX 10.10), or PHCO_8654 (series 700/800, HP-UX 10.20). Perform the actions described below in releases of HP-UX prior to 9.X.) AVAILABILITY: All patches are available now. CHANGE SUMMARY: New patches available for releases of HP-UX 10.XX. Update A. Additional patches for HP-UX have been released to address the vulnerability originally appearing in the 18 July 1996 version of the Hewlett-Packard bulletin. A private communication to HP described a vulnerability that allows ordinary users to potentially gain super-user privileges. The default permission for the file /usr/lib/expreserve (or on HP-UX 10.X /usr/lbin/expreserve) needs only minimal privileges. If the patches mentioned above are applied the vulnerability cannot be exploited. In case no patches is available for your host HP-UX release, system administrators are asked to perform the following action to achieve the same result. Fixing the problem The vulnerability can be eliminated from releases 9.X of HP-UX by applying a patch. Since some patches will not be made available on some releases of HP-UX (e.g., prior to 9.X), affected systems can be protected by system administrators. They should: $ su root # chmod 0555 /usr/lib/expreserve For HP-UX 10.X systems applying the patches specified above is now in order. Hewlett-Packard recommends that all customers concerned with the security of their HP-UX systems either apply the appropriate patch or perform the actions described above as soon as possible. How to Install the Patch 1. Determine which patch is appropriate for your hardware platform and operating system: PHCO_6363 (series 700/800, HP-UX 9.x), or PHCO_7833 (series 300/400, HP-UX 9.x), PHCO_8652 (series 700/800, HP-UX 10.0X), or PHCO_8653 (series 700/800, HP-UX 10.10), or PHCO_8654 (series 700/800, HP-UX 10.20). 2. Hewlett Packard's HP-UX patches are available via email and World Wide Web To obtain a copy of the HP SupportLine email service user's guide, send the following in the TEXT PORTION OF THE MESSAGE to support@us.external.hp.com (no Subject is required): send guide The users guide explains the HP-UX patch downloading process via email and other services available. World Wide Web service for downloading of patches is available via our URL: (http://us.external.hp.com) 3. Apply the patch to your HP-UX system. 4. Examine /tmp/update.log (in 9.X) or /var/adm/sw/swinstall.log (in 10.X), for any relevant WARNINGs or ERRORs. Impact These patches for HP-UX releases 9.X and 10.X provide a proper permissions /usr/lib/expreserve which fixes the vulnerability. No patches will be available for versions of HP-UX older than 9.X. Instead, the workaround is described above. IBM Corporation =============== AIX versions 3.2.5, 4.1, and 4.2 are not vulnerable to this particular problem. IBM and AIX are registered trademarks of International Business Machines Corporation. NeXT Software, Inc. =================== This problem was fixed in or before release 3.3 of NeXTstep. Open Software Foundation ======================== OSF's OSF/1 R1.3 is not effected by this vulnerability. The Santa Cruz Operation, Inc. ============================== SCO Operating Systems are not vulnerable to this problem. Silicon Graphics, Inc. ====================== The Silicon Graphics implementation of expreserv is setgid sys and not setuid root as reported in the CERT(sm) advisory. As such this redefines the exposure to a setgid sys issue. Exploit would have to occur on group sys writable files, however, on a default configured IRIX system there are no system critical files that are group sys writable and therefore exposure and exploit does not exist. Silicon Graphics will not be releasing a patch for this issue, however, the issue will be corrected in future releases of IRIX. If desired, the setgid permission of the expreserv could be removed however, this will disable the recovery functions of the vi(1) and ex(1) editors. This functionality could be fixed by manually creating directories for each user in /var/preserve directory. Sun Microsystems, Inc. ====================== System Patch ID Filename MD5 Checksum - ------ -------- --------------- ----------- SunOS 4.1.1 101080-01 101080-01.tar.Z 53c8a5c4eee770924560c5fc100542a3 SunOS 4.1.2 101080-01 101080-01.tar.Z 53c8a5c4eee770924560c5fc100542a3 SunOS 4.1.3 101080-01 101080-01.tar.Z 53c8a5c4eee770924560c5fc100542a3 SunOS 4.1.3C 101080-01 101080-01.tar.Z 53c8a5c4eee770924560c5fc100542a3 SunOS 4.1.3_U1 101579-01 101579-01.tar.Z 327b89942b02c4cb15bb80bf61b2df94 SunOS 4.1.4 Not vulnerable Solaris 2.0 101119-01 101119-01.tar.Z No longer available Solaris 2.1 101089-01 101089-01.tar.Z No longer available Solaris 2.2 101090-01 101090-01.tar.Z e9ff98823abbc75d95410a0cb7856644 Solaris 2.3 Vulnerable; no patch made Solaris 2.4 102756-01 102756-01.tar.Z 61f4a48ddba41ae1c27e70b84f4c8d87 Solaris 2.4_x86 102757-01 102757-01.tar.Z 1f2b7f3824565ef849eb3c4677567399 Solaris 2.5 Not vulnerable Solaris 2.5.1 Not vulnerable - --------------------------------------------------------------------------- The CERT Coordination Center thanks all the vendors who provided input for this advisory. - --------------------------------------------------------------------------- If you believe that your system has been compromised, contact the CERT Coordination Center or your representative in the Forum of Incident Response and Security Teams (FIRST). We strongly urge you to encrypt any sensitive information you send by email. The CERT Coordination Center can support a shared DES key and PGP. Contact the CERT staff for more information. Location of CERT PGP key ftp://info.cert.org/pub/CERT_PGP.key CERT Contact Information - ------------------------ Email cert@cert.org Phone +1 412-268-7090 (24-hour hotline) CERT personnel answer 8:30-5:00 p.m. EST (GMT-5)/EDT(GMT-4), and are on call for emergencies during other hours. Fax +1 412-268-6989 Postal address CERT Coordination Center Software Engineering Institute Carnegie Mellon University Pittsburgh PA 15213-3890 USA CERT publications, information about FIRST representatives, and other security-related information are available for anonymous FTP from http://www.cert.org/ ftp://info.cert.org/pub/ CERT advisories and bulletins are also posted on the USENET newsgroup comp.security.announce To be added to our mailing list for CERT advisories and bulletins, send your email address to cert-advisory-request@cert.org Copyright 1996 Carnegie Mellon University This material may be reproduced and distributed without permission provided it is used for noncommercial purposes and the copyright statement is included. CERT is a service mark of Carnegie Mellon University. This file: ftp://info.cert.org/pub/cert_advisories/CA-96.19.expreserve http://www.cert.org click on "CERT Advisories" ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Revision history Dec. 20, 1996 Appendix A, HP - revised information from vendor has been included. Aug. 30, 1996 Information previously in the README was inserted into the advisory. Aug. 28, 1996 Appendix A, SGI - added an entry for this vendor. Aug. 21, 1996 Appendix A, Sun - added more patch information. -----BEGIN PGP SIGNATURE----- Version: 2.6.2 iQCVAwUBMrqlCnVP+x0t4w7BAQEyZQQAps9QDVFvnip8A+VxWuBVQkdUYbDAzrLM B9l4W2FSXssrJRVewzZafVEB3/lxLDv7dxwuFTNdlGt+sObAjbQTbaAGg8rtzFuc qy3+uQMLh5oWBR+8UzaB+94VvKBxOzt/rvAdG/8uvAGc+7wHKxMU91ItJGPl0EnV vZmqP7RTgNo= =6reG -----END PGP SIGNATURE-----